General Measures
- Nipples can be warmed for short periods of time after each feeding, using a hair dryer on low setting.
- Nipples should be exposed to air as much as possible.
- When it is not possible to expose nipples to air, plastic dome-shaped breast shells (not nipple shields) can be worn to protect your nipples from rubbing by your clothing. Nursing pads keep moisture against the nipple and may cause damage that way. They also tend to stick to damaged nipples. If you leak a lot you can wear the pad over the breast shell.
- Ointments can sometimes be helpful. If you do use an ointment, use just a very small amount after nursing and do not wash it off. [see topic Treatments for Problems I].
- Do not wash your nipples frequently. Daily bathing is more than enough.
- If your baby is gaining weight well, there is no good reason the baby must be fed on both breasts at each feeding. It may save you pain, and speed healing if you feed your baby on only one breast each feed. It will help to compress the breast (handout #17 Breast Compression), once the baby is no longer swallowing on his own in order to continue his getting milk. You may be able to manage this some feedings, but not others. In very difficult situations, a lactation aid (handout #6 Using a Lactation Aid) can be used to supplement (preferably expressed milk), so that the baby will finish the feeding on the first side.
If you are unable to put the baby to the breast because of pain, in spite of trying all the above measures, it may still be possible to continue breastfeeding after a temporary (3-5 days) cessation to allow the nipples to heal. During this time, it would be better that the baby not be fed with a rubber nipple. Of course it is also best for you and the baby if the baby is fed your expressed milk. Use the technique called "finger feeding" (topic #8 Finger Feeding) or cup feeding.
Nipples shields are not recommended for sore nipples, because, although they may help temporarily, they usually do not. They may also cut down the milk supply dramatically, and the baby may become fussy and not gain weight well. Once the baby is used to them, it may be impossible to get the baby back onto the breast. In fact, many women who have tried nipple shields find that they do not help with soreness. Use as a last resort only, but get help first.
Revised January 2000
Written by Jack Newman, MD, FRCPC
Used with permission.
